| 1) alvherre [GENERAL] greylisting no longer working? |
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| Hi, It seems the greylisting setup stopped quarantining emails? I'm getting a lot more spam in... |
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Hi, It seems the greylisting setup stopped quarantining emails? I'm getting a lot more spam in pgsql-hackers and the other lists I moderate, and nothing in the headers suggest that they were greylisted at all. Did something happen?
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| 2) alvherre [GENERAL] testing the news gateway |
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| Hello! This is just a test, please ignore. If you don't ignore it, I'll ignore you. Thanks, |
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Hello! This is just a test, please ignore. If you don't ignore it, I'll ignore you. Thanks, -- Alvaro Herrera
---------------------------(end of broadcast)--------------------------- TIP 1: if posting/reading through Usenet, please send an appropriate subscribe-nomail command to [email protected: majo...@postgresql.org] so that your message can get through to the mailing list cleanly
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| 3) alvherre Re: [GENERAL] Hijack! |
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| Huh, you know you can de-duplicate them at your end, right? Actually I prefer to get the private... |
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Lew wrote: > Trevor Talbot wrote: >> On 12/11/07, Guy Rouillier <guyr-ml1@burntmail.com> wrote: >> >>> Now, a gripe rightly attributable to the to PG mailing list setup is >>> that every time I reply, I have to: >>> >>> (1) use reply all, because reply is set to go to the individual rather >>> than the list >>> >>> (2) delete all the individual addressees so only the list is left, then >>> change that from CC to TO >> >> Actually, another convention on this list is to "reply all" and leave >> the individual addresses. > > I'm really glad that people don't do that on this list. I /hate/ getting > individual email copies from list posters. I'm going to read it on the > list; why in the world would I want that clutter in my inbox?
Huh, you know you can de-duplicate them at your end, right? Actually I prefer to get the private copy, so that I get the email immediately even if the list server is down or slow.
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| 4) alvherre Re: [GENERAL] extend "group by" to include "empty relations" ? |
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| Your problem is not on the GROUP BY, but rather that you need an outer join. Try something like... |
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peter pilsl wrote: > But there is a problem now: There are also entries in fn_kat which dont> have corresponding entries in fn_dokumente and this entries should be> listed too. With the proper count=0 !!Your problem is not on the GROUP BY, but rather that you need an outer join. Try something like select k.kategorie,count(d.oid) from fn_kat k left join fn_dokumente d on k.id=d.kategorie group by k.kategorie; -- Alvaro Herrera http://www.PlanetPostgreSQL.org/ "The first of April is the day we remember what we are the other 364 days of the year" (Mark Twain)
---------------------------(end of broadcast)--------------------------- TIP 9: In versions below 8.0, the planner will ignore your desire to choose an index scan if your joining column's datatypes do not match
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| 5) alvherre Re: [GENERAL] Slow PITR restore |
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| Actually, if you are modifying the same blocks over and over it will help *less*, because applying... |
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Gregory Stark wrote: > "Simon Riggs" <simon@2ndquadrant.com> writes: > > > It's a good idea, but it will require more complex code. I prefer the > > simpler solution of using more processes to solve the I/O problem. > > Huh, I forgot about that idea. Ironically that was what I suggested when > Heikki described the problem. > > I think it's more complex than using posix_fadvise. But it's also more > ambitious. It would allow us to use not only the full random access i/o > bandwidth but also allow us to use more cpu. In cases where the database fits > entirely in ram and we're recovering many many operations modifying the same > blocks over and over that might help a lot.
Actually, if you are modifying the same blocks over and over it will help *less*, because applying each record needs to occur only after the previous records that modify the same block have been applied. So you have two possibilities: you skip that record and try to apply the next one, hoping that that record applies to a block that's not locked, (which means you have to remember the skipped record and apply it sometime in the future), or you put the process to sleep until the lock has been released. -- Alvaro Herrera http://www.amazon.com/gp/registry/DXLWNGRJD34J "La conclusión que podemos sacar de esos estudios es que no podemos sacar ninguna conclusión de ellos" (Tanenbaum)
---------------------------(end of broadcast)--------------------------- TIP 1: if posting/reading through Usenet, please send an appropriate subscribe-nomail command to [email protected: majo...@postgresql.org] so that your message can get through to the mailing list cleanly
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| 6) alvherre Re: [GENERAL] Better alternative for Primary Key then serial?? |
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| Oh, I see. Fact is, Postgres defines it like a plain integer column and attaches a DEFAULT clause.... |
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pilzner wrote: > > > > Alvaro Herrera-3 wrote: > > > > Just do not update the ID -- what use do you have for that > > anyway? If you want to prevent it, you can put a trigger to the column, > > but IMHO it would be a waste of your time and machine resources. > > > > I have absolutely no use to update the ID. I'm not sure why anyone ever > would, and I guess I was a little shocked to find that PostGres even allows > it.
Oh, I see. Fact is, Postgres defines it like a plain integer column and attaches a DEFAULT clause. That's it. There's no magic to prevent it from being modified. The SQL standard specifies a strange beast called GENERATED BY which has all sorts of funny behaviors, one of which is what you describe. There have been attempts at implementing the semantics described be the spec, but they are so contorted that so far there hasn't been definitive success. It is expected that in the next release (8.4) something will get done about it.
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| 7) alvherre Re: [GENERAL] what is the date format in binary query results |
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| It is not -- that's the point. |
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Samantha Atkins wrote: > OK, I read it again. I don't see anything about how the timezone is > specified for this type of column.It is not -- that's the point. -- Alvaro Herrera http://www.amazon.com/gp/registry/CTMLCN8V17R4 "La tristeza es un muro entre dos jardines" (Khalil Gibran)
---------------------------(end of broadcast)--------------------------- TIP 9: In versions below 8.0, the planner will ignore your desire to choose an index scan if your joining column's datatypes do not match
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| 8) alvherre Re: [GENERAL] Would it be OK if I put db file on a ext2 filesystem? |
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| Regular database files need metadata journalling (data=writeback mount option for ext3). This is... |
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Magicloud Wang wrote: > Dear,> I think database has its own operation journal, and different journal > filesystem does give different performance. So if I put database file on a > non-journal filesystem, would it be safe? Does this like using a raw device?Regular database files need metadata journalling (data=writeback mount option for ext3). This is quite faster than full-blown journalling which is what you get with default ext3 mount options. WAL files (pg_xlog) do not need any kind of journalling, so you can save the overhead and put them on an ext2 filesystem (or any other nonjournalled filesystem). -- Alvaro Herrera Developer, http://www.PostgreSQL.org/ Voy a acabar con todos los humanos / con los humanos yo acabaré voy a acabar con todos / con todos los humanos acabaré (Bender)
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| 9) alvherre Re: [GENERAL] Better alternative for Primary Key then serial?? |
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| It doesn't. Just do not update the ID -- what use do you have for that anyway? If you want to... |
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pilzner wrote:
> Does stuff like this cause any aches and pains to developers out there, or > do I just need to get in a new mindset??? Also, is there a way to be sure > the primary key is *ONLY* ever given a value by serial, and not subject to > updates???
It doesn't. Just do not update the ID -- what use do you have for that anyway? If you want to prevent it, you can put a trigger to the column, but IMHO it would be a waste of your time and machine resources. -- Alvaro Herrera http://www.flickr.com/photos/alvherre/ "Vivir y dejar de vivir son soluciones imaginarias. La existencia está en otra parte" (Andre Breton)
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| 10) alvherre Re: [GENERAL] How can I insert NULL into column with the type of timestamp? |
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| bookman bookman escribió: No, it doesn't mean that. It means that you are trying to insert an empty... |
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bookman bookman escribió:
> Then error occured: > error:invalid input syntax for type timestamp:"" > context:copy T_Admin ,line 2,column regDate:"" > It seemed that the column REGDATE cannot accept a NULL.I tested it use: > insert into T_Admin(name,key,regDate,isLock,realName) > values('aaa','aaa','','1','aaa'); > The same error occured. > > So it means that the column with type timestamp cannot accept a NULL > .Is there any way I can tansfer this table into postgre?How can i deal > with NULL in this case?
No, it doesn't mean that. It means that you are trying to insert an empty string. Try this: insert into T_Admin(name,key,regDate,isLock,realName) values('aaa','aaa',NULL,'1','aaa'); Similarly, the NULL timestamp column in the file you give to COPY should not contain empty quotes.
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| 11) alvherre Re: [GENERAL] very slow query |
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| I think you are confusing this for "here is a completely different plan for a completely different... |
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Ashish Karalkar wrote: > Thanks for your answer actually that was the part of full query here is the actuall planI think you are confusing this for "here is a completely different plan for a completely different query that has nothing to do whatsoever to what I was asking before". On this plan it looks like you need an index on otid. Or maybe not. It's hard to tell with only an EXPLAIN.
> HashAggregate (cost=5895532.37..5895534.35 rows=158 width=32) > -> Hash Join (cost=215823.74..5895449.38 rows=5533 width=32) > Hash Cond: ("outer".deliveryid = "inner".deliveryid) > -> Seq Scan on sms_new (cost=0.00..5038183.09 rows=128277444 width=8) > Filter: ((otid)::text !~~ 'ERROR%'::text) > -> Hash (cost=215823.35..215823.35 rows=158 width=32) > -> Bitmap Heap Scan on delivery (cost=2178.24..215823.35 rows=158 width=32) > Recheck Cond: ((createddate >= '2007-12-11 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone) AND (createddate <= '2007-12-11 23:59:59'::timestamp without time zone)) > Filter: ((taskid = 1024) AND (((remoteip)::text = '192.168.3.26'::text) OR ((remoteip)::text = '202.162.231.230'::text) OR ((remoteip)::text = '202.162.231.2'::text) OR ((remoteip)::text = '192.168.4.3'::text) OR ((remoteip)::text = '192.168.3.3'::text) OR ((remoteip)::text = '202.162.231.105'::text) OR ((remoteip)::text = '202.162.231.5'::text) OR ((remoteip)::text = '202.162.231.1'::text) OR ((remoteip)::text = '192.168.4.6'::text) OR ((remoteip)::text = '192.168.3.6'::text) OR ((remoteip)::text = '202.162.231.107'::text) OR ((remoteip)::text = '202.162.231.7'::text))) > -> Bitmap Index Scan on createddate_idx (cost=0.00..2178.24 rows=195039 width=0) > Index Cond: ((createddate >= '2007-12-11 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone) AND (createddate <= '2007-12-11 23:59:59'::timestamp without time zone))
-- Alvaro Herrera http://www.flickr.com/photos/alvherre/ La web junta la gente porque no importa que clase de mutante sexual seas, tienes millones de posibles parejas. Pon "buscar gente que tengan sexo con ciervos incendiándose", y el computador dirá "especifique el tipo de ciervo" (Jason Alexander)
---------------------------(end of broadcast)--------------------------- TIP 2: Don't 'kill -9' the postmaster
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| 12) alvherre Re: [GENERAL] Hijack! |
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| It's not just you. Much as I am annoyed by top-posting, I am much more so by people who top-post at... |
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Thomas Kellerer wrote: > Joshua D. Drake, 11.12.2007 17:43: >> O.k. this might be a bit snooty but frankly it is almost 2008. If you >> are still a top poster, you obviously don't care about the people's >> content that you are replying to, to have enough wits to not top post. > > I personally find non-trimmed bottom postings at lot more annoying than > top-postings. But then that's probably just me.
It's not just you. Much as I am annoyed by top-posting, I am much more so by people who top-post at the bottom. Hey, did I say something stupid? No -- think about it. These guys do exactly the same thing as top-posters, except it is much worse because the actual text they wrote is harder to find. -- Alvaro Herrera http://www.flickr.com/photos/alvherre/ "In fact, the basic problem with Perl 5's subroutines is that they're not crufty enough, so the cruft leaks out into user-defined code instead, by the Conservation of Cruft Principle." (Larry Wall, Apocalypse 6)
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http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faq
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| 13) alvherre Re: [GENERAL] Slow PITR restore |
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Gregory Stark wrote: > bgwriter is started already when doing recovery, right? Perhaps things could> be helped by telling bgwriter to behave differently during recovery.No. -- Alvaro Herrera http://www.flickr.com/photos/alvherre/ "Amanece. (Ignacio Reyes) El Cerro San Cristóbal me mira, cínicamente, con ojos de virgen"
---------------------------(end of broadcast)--------------------------- TIP 1: if posting/reading through Usenet, please send an appropriate subscribe-nomail command to [email protected: majo...@postgresql.org] so that your message can get through to the mailing list cleanly
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| 14) alvherre Re: [GENERAL] Hijack! |
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| Why do you do that? It's unnecessary. Probably the easiest way to handle this on the postgresql.org... |
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Guy Rouillier wrote: > (2) delete all the individual addressees so only the list is left, then > change that from CC to TOWhy do you do that? It's unnecessary. > (3) change my from identity to the one used for the list; although the list > always posts to the identity I have set up for mailing lists, for some > reason Thunderbird selects a different identity when I reply.Probably the easiest way to handle this on the postgresql.org server side is to configure the other identity as an alias, so that it allows you to post unmoderated with both. For this, see http://mail.postgresql.org/mj/mj_wwwusr?domain=postgresql.org -- Alvaro Herrera http://www.advogato.org/person/alvherre "I love the Postgres community. It's all about doing things _properly_. :-)" (David Garamond)
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| 15) alvherre Re: [GENERAL] Killing a session in windows |
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| You can't, short of sending a signal to the process or restarting the service. |
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Howard Cole wrote: > Hello everyone,>> I take it from the lack of response that nobody knows how to kill a > connection from the postgresql side on windows?You can't, short of sending a signal to the process or restarting the service. -- Alvaro Herrera Valdivia, Chile ICBM: S 39º 49' 18.1", W 73º 13' 56.4" "We're here to devour each other alive" (Hobbes)
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| 16) alvherre Re: [GENERAL] Dumb question about binary cursors and #ifdef HAVE_INT64_TIMESTAMP |
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| SHOW integer_timestamp; at session start).... |
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Dann Corbit wrote: > If I create a binary cursor on a recent version of PostgreSQL, how can I > tell if the timestamp data internally is an 8 byte double or an 8 byte > integer? > > I see an #ifdef that changes the code path to compute timestamps as one > type or the other, but I do not know how to recognize the internal > format of the type that will be returned in a binary cursor. > > How can I do that?
SHOW integer_timestamp; (actually, IIRC, this is one of the params that the server will send you at session start).
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| 17) alvherre Re: [GENERAL] SQL design pattern for a delta trigger? |
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| IIRC the standard's definition of MERGE is still subject to the race condition :-) It seems mostly... |
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Richard Broersma Jr wrote: > --- On Mon, 12/10/07, Ted Byers <r.ted.byers@rogers.com> wrote: > > > but how do you > > do it using SQL in an RDBMS? > > I believe that there is an ANSI SQL command "MERGE" that is yet to be implemented into PostgreSQL.
IIRC the standard's definition of MERGE is still subject to the race condition :-) It seems mostly defined for OLAP, and assumes rather static data. -- Alvaro Herrera http://www.amazon.com/gp/registry/DXLWNGRJD34J "La tristeza es un muro entre dos jardines" (Khalil Gibran)
---------------------------(end of broadcast)--------------------------- TIP 1: if posting/reading through Usenet, please send an appropriate subscribe-nomail command to [email protected: majo...@postgresql.org] so that your message can get through to the mailing list cleanly
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| 18) alvherre Re: Sun and open source, where is postgresql ? |
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| Does this mean that Sun will run PostgreSQL next year? Seems scary. |
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Josh Berkus wrote: > Josh Berkus wrote: >> Oleg Bartunov wrote: >>> Hello, >>> >>> just read "Getting Paid to Develop" >>> http://blogs.sun.com/webmink/entry/getting_paid_to_develop >>> that Sun will pay open-source developers. >>> "This year's participants include OpenSolaris, GlassFish, OpenJDK, >>> OpenSPARC, NetBeans, and OpenOffice.org." >>> >>> Where is PostgreSQL ? >> >> Or GNOME, or X.org? I'm not sure exactly how the list of applications was >> chosen. Possibly it was primarily projects which didn't get into Google >> SoC. Or ones which have active Indian communities. > > Update on this. Apparently there were legal reasons why the set of > projects for the first year had to be projects which are run by Sun. If > the program goes well, maybe we'll be involved next year.
Does this mean that Sun will run PostgreSQL next year? Seems scary. -- Alvaro Herrera http://www.flickr.com/photos/alvherre/ Essentially, you're proposing Kevlar shoes as a solution for the problem that you want to walk around carrying a loaded gun aimed at your foot. (Tom Lane)
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| 19) alvherre Re: Cost-Based Vacuum Delay tuning |
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| My suggestion is to set it as *high* as 10 or 20 ms. Compared to the original default of 0ms. This... |
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Guillaume Cottenceau wrote: > I have noticed that others (Alvaro, Joshua) suggest to set> vacuum_cost_delay as low as 10 or 20 ms,My suggestion is to set it as *high* as 10 or 20 ms. Compared to the original default of 0ms. This is just because I'm lazy enough not to have done any measuring of the exact consequences of such a setting, and out of fear that a very high value could provoke some sort of disaster. I must admit that changing the vacuum_delay_limit isn't something that I'm used to recommending. Maybe it does make sense considering readahead effects and the new "ring buffer" stuff.
-- Alvaro Herrera http://www.amazon.com/gp/registry/CTMLCN8V17R4 "La experiencia nos dice que el hombre peló millones de veces las patatas, pero era forzoso admitir la posibilidad de que en un caso entre millones, las patatas pelarían al hombre" (Ijon Tichy)
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| 20) alvherre Re: Nested loop in simple query taking long time |
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| Not on 8.2 (or earlier), because it can only process one table at a time, so if it ever takes much... |
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Henrik wrote: > > 6 dec 2007 kl. 20.26 skrev Alvaro Herrera: > >> Henrik wrote: >> >>> I think I have a clue why its so off. We update a value in that table >>> about >>> 2 - 3 million times per night and as update creates a new row it becomes >>> bloated pretty fast. The table hade a size of 765 MB including indexes >>> and >>> after vacuum full and reindex it went down to 80kB... I guess I need >>> routine reindex on this table. Thank god is not big. :) >> >> I suggest you put a lone VACUUM on that table in cron, say once every 5 >> minutes, and you should be fine. You shouldn't need a reindex at all. > Instead of cron can't I just have really aggressive autovacuum settings on > this table?
Not on 8.2 (or earlier), because it can only process one table at a time, so if it ever takes much longer than 5 minutes for vacuuming other tables, this table will be neglected for at least that long -- and probably a lot longer actually. On 8.3 this should be somewhat less of a problem because autovacuum can process more than one table at a time. It will still be a problem if there are several tables that take much longer than 5 minutes, but it should be much less severe.
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